portraits of Columbus and his crooked log-book, but the punishment which he should have received.

   The man on the left is Columbus; History is concealed just around the corner in a loose wrapper.

   Spain at this time regarded the new land as a vast jewelry store in charge of simple children of the forest who did not know the value of their rich agricultural lands or gold-ribbed farms. Spain, therefore, expected to exchange bone collar-buttons with the children of the forest for opals as large as lima beans, and to trade fiery liquids to them for large gold bricks.

   The Montezumas were compelled every little while to pay a freight-bill for the Spanish confidence man.

   Ponce de Leon had started out in search of the Hot Springs of Arkansas, and in 1512 came in sight of Florida. He was not successful in his attempt to find the Fountain of Youth, and re

   turned an old man so deaf that in the language of the Hoosier poet referring to his grandfather,—

    "So remarkably deaf was my grandfather Squeers

    That he had to wear lightning-rods over his ears

    To even hear thunder, and oftentimes then

    He was forced to request it to thunder again."

   Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Darien, and, rolling up his pantalettes, waded into the Pacific Ocean and discovered it in the name of Spain. It was one of the largest and wettest discoveries ever made, and, though this occurred over three centuries ago, Spain is still poor.

   Balboa, in discovering the Pacific, did so according to the Spanish custom of discovery, viz., by wading into it with his naked sword in one hand and the banner of Castile, sometimes called Castile's hope (see

    Appendix

   ), in the other. He and his followers waded out so as to discover all they could, and were surprised to discover what is now called the undertow.

   The artist has shown the great discoverer most truthfully as he appeared after he had discovered and filed on the ocean. No one can look upon this picture for a moment and confuse Balboa, the discoverer of the Pacific, with Kope Elias, who first discovered in the mountains of North Carolina what is now known as moonshine whiskey.

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